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1.
Periodontia ; 21(3): 74-80, 2011. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-642327

ABSTRACT

A arginase salivar está aumentada em processos inflamatórios e infecciosos da cavidade bucal. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a atividade de arginase salivar, correlacionando-a a parâmetros clínicos e microbiológicos em diferentes condições periodontais. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros clínicos: índice de placa, índice de sangramento, profundidade de sondagem e nível de inserção clínica. Foi avaliada ainda a presença dos periodontopatógenos Campylobacter rectus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, Treponema denticola e Prevotella intermedia por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Finalmente, a presença salivar de arginase — por meio de espectrofotometria —também foi considerada. O tratamento estatístico dos dados foi realizado pelos testes Qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis, adotando-se significância estatística quando p<0,05. Foram alocados no presente estudo 78 indivíduos assim caracterizados: 26 periodontalmente saudáveis (S), 26 com gengivite(G) e 26 com periodontite crônica (P). P. gingivalis, P. intermedia e T. denticola estavam mais prevalentes significativamente em P do que em G e S (p<0,05). A. actinomycetemcomitans foi significativamente mais prevalente (p<0,05) em P e G do que em S. C. rectus apresentou distribuição similar nos três grupos (p>0,05). Com relação aos níveis de atividade de arginase, os indivíduos portadores de periodontite crônica apresentaram maiores níveis (p<0,05) em comparação aos com gengivite ou periodontalmente saudáveis. A expressão da arginase salivar parece acompanhar a mudança dos sinais clínicos e a alteração do perfil microbiológico das diferentes condições periodontais


The salivary arginase is increased in inflammatory and infectious processes of the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary arginase activity, correlating it to clinical and microbiological parameters in different periodontal conditions. We evaluated the following parameters: plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth and clinical attachment level. It also assessed the presence of periodontopathogens Campylobacter rectus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerellaforsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Finally, presence of salivary arginase - by spectrophotometry - was also considered. Statistical treatment of data was performed by chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis, adopting statistical significance at p <0.05. Eighty-nine individuals were allocated in this study:26 periodontally healthy (S), 26 with gingivitis (G) and 26 with chronic periodontitis (P). P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and T. denticola were significantly more prevalent in P-group than G- and S-group (p <0.05). A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more prevalent (p <0.05) in P- and G-group than in S-group. C. rectus showed a similar distribution in the three groups (p> 0.05). With respect to the levels of arginase activity, individuals with chronic periodontitis had higher levels (p <0.05) than those with gingivitis or periodontally healthy. Expression of the salivary arginase seems to followthe changes of clinical signs and microbiological profile in different periodontal conditions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arginase , Mouth/microbiology , Periodontal Diseases , Periodontitis , Bacteria , Periodontal Index , Dental Plaque Index
2.
Periodontia ; 19(2): 118-123, 2009. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-576695

ABSTRACT

A respiração representa uma das principais funções no organismo e sua disfunção, como a respiração bucal, pode acarretar em alterações orgânicas gerais. Existe uma grande prevalência de casos de crianças respiradoras bucais, tanto em idade escolar, quanto em idade pré-escolar. No entanto, ainda não está totalmente esclarecido se existe uma relação entre esse padrão respiratório e as doenças bucais. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o índice de placa, CPOD e presença de gengivite em pacientes respiradores bucais e nasais, em idade escolar, com dentição mista. Foram selecionados 63 estudantes de duas escolas públicas, com idades entre 10 e 12 anos, na cidade de Taubaté, São Paulo. Após avaliação do padrão de respiração pela fonoaudióloga, os estudantes foram divididos em dois grupos: (RB) Respirador bucal, n = 32 e (RN) Respirador nasal, n = 31. Em ambos os grupos foram feitas análise de CPOD, índice de placa e índice de sangramento gengival. A análise estatística foi feita utilizando o teste Mann Whitnney, considerando 5% de nível de significância. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos RN e RB para os parâmetros CPOD, índice de sangramento e índice de placa total. No entanto, o grupo RN apresentou maior índice de placa na região anterior em comparação grupo RB (p < 0,05). Dessa forma, foi concluído que respiradores bucais com idade entre 10 e 12 anos podem apresentar maior acúmulo de placa na região anterior da arcada dentária e, portanto, podem desenvolver futuramente problemas como cárie e gengivite.


Breathing represents one of the vital functions of the organism, and its unbalance, as mouth breathing, may cause some series of general organic alterations. There is a high prevalence of mouth breathing cases in scholar and prescholar children. However, it is not clear if exist a relation between this dysfunction and the oral diseases. Then, the aim of this study was to compare the plaque index, DMTF index and gingival index in nasal and mouth breathing children, with mixed dentition. The sample consisted of 63 children attending 2 public schools, with ages ranging from10 to 12, from the city of Taubate, São Paulo. The patients were divided in 2 groups after clinical diagnosis regarding breathing pattern: nasal breather (NB), n=32, and mouth breather (MB), n=31. DMTF index, plaque index and gingival bleeding index analyses were performed in both groups. Statistics were carried out by means of the Mann Whitnney test and the significance level was set at 5%. Considering the results from total DMTF, total plaque and total gingival indexes, no significant differences were found between groups. However, the NB group showed a higher plaque index in the anterior region (p<0.05). In conclusion, mouth breathing patients aging from 10 to 12 may have a higher plaque index in the anterior region and may be more susceptible to develop caries and gingivitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Biofilms , Dental Caries , Gingivitis , Mouth Breathing , Mouth Breathing/complications
3.
Braz. oral res ; 23(3): 313-318, 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-530270

ABSTRACT

Knowledge about the presence of some important oral pathogens is an important step in better identifying children at risk for periodontal and/or caries diseases in later life. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of Streptococcus mutans (Sm), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Campylobacter rectus (Cr), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) in gingival biofilm samples from 196 children, and to assess whether any of these pathogens are more associated with gingival inflammation extension and the Decayed/Missing/Filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) index. The subjects presented plaque index greater than 80 percent and were divided in 3 groups according to the bleeding index (BI): I) Low bleeding (< 30 percent), II) Medium bleeding (31 - 59 percent) and III) High bleeding (> 60 percent). The presence of each pathogen was determined by PCR. The prevalence of Sm was 71.9 percent and the mean dmft/DMFT was 6.68. The prevalence in low, medium and high bleeding groups was 43.5 percent, 34.5 percent and 46.7 percent for Aa; 43.5 percent, 37.9 percent, and 36.7 percent for Cr; 99.1 percent, 100 percent, and 96.7 percent for Pg; 56.5 percent, 56.9 percent, and 66.7 percent for Pi; and 58.3 percent, 60.3 percent, and 56.7 percent for Tf, respectively. Pg (99.0 percent) was the most prevalent periodontal pathogen detected followed by Tf (58.7 percent), Pi (58.2 percent), Aa (41.3 percent) and Cr (40.8 percent). Our study indicated that in this high plaque index population studied, a high prevalence of Sm and high mean DMFT were observed. In addition, the presence of Pi was associated with the presence of inflammation (P < 0.05) whereas Cr was associated with periodontal health (P < 0.05).


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Biofilms/growth & development , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Gingivitis/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , DMF Index , Gram-Negative Bacteria/physiology , Gram-Positive Bacteria/physiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Severity of Illness Index , Streptococcus mutans/isolation & purification , Streptococcus mutans/physiology
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